調理後にカレーを一晩寝かすと、加熱後なのに食中毒をおこすことがある理由
< 調理後にカレーを一晩寝かすと、加熱後なのに食中毒をおこすことがある理由 >
ためしてガッテン「食中毒まさかの新常識」では、
番組の冒頭で権威ある専門家が、
腐ったものを食べても食中毒はおこさない、
料理を加熱すると食中毒をおこすなど、
常識とは逆のフレーズを、
断言していました。
ガッテンらしい、好奇心をそそられるオープニングでした。
NHK 2013年6月12日
一晩寝かせたカレーで腹痛や下痢をおこす細菌の名前は、ウェルシュ菌です。
ウェルシュ菌は土の中にいるので、畑からとってきた野菜にウェルシュ菌がついていても
不思議ではありません。高温にしても芽胞になって生きのびます。
東京都福祉保健局の解説:
http://www.fukushihoken.metro.tokyo.jp/shokuhin/micro/uerusyu.html
たいしたことがないウェルシュ菌もいますが、まさかの食中毒をおこすのは、
耐熱性芽胞形成ウェルシュ菌です。名前の最初に「耐熱性」とつく、
その名の通り熱に強い特別なウェルシュ菌です。
芽胞に変身すると、100℃4時間でも死にません。
※一般財団法人東京顕微鏡院の解説:
調理時に加熱しても、耐熱性芽胞形成ウェルシュ菌は、芽胞となって残ります。
その他の菌は死滅しますので、加熱後はウェルシュ菌の商売仇がいなくなります。
調理後、100℃から室温までさめるまでの時間にウェルシュ菌が増殖します。
作ったカレーを鍋にいれたままキッチンに何時間も放置しておくと、
ウェルシュ菌は元気よくどんどん増えるのです。
室内に放置せずに冷蔵庫で急速に冷やせば、細菌の増殖スピードを抑制できます。
1gあたり10万個以上にウェルシュ菌が増えると食中毒をおこすと言われています。
逆に言えば、10万個以上に増えなければ、ウェルシュ菌がいても食中毒にはならないということです。
翌日冷蔵庫から取り出して、食べる前に再加熱すると、増殖したウェルシュ菌は、
また芽胞になります。
そしてヒトが食べた後、腸の中で復活して食中毒がおきます。腹痛、下痢をおこし、
症状が激しい時は救急車で搬送されて入院になることもあります。
重要な試合や試験などの前に、最高の体調にしておかなければならない時には、
一晩寝かせたカレーは、食べないのが無難でしょう。
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