SARS-CoV-2関係の研究（iPS細胞、VHH抗体、HLA）
SARS-CoV-2関係の研究（iPS細胞、VHH抗体、HLA）
※京都大学 iPS細胞研究所
山中 伸弥所長による新型コロナウイルス情報発信
http://www.covid19-yamanaka.com/
◆iPS細胞による気管支で薬を開発
京都大ｉＰＳ細胞研究所と大阪大微生物病研究所のチームは
iPS細胞による気管支にSARS-CoV-2を感染させ、
そのウイルスが薬によって減少することを確認した。
※ノーベル賞を受賞した京都大学の山中伸弥教授の
iPS細胞によって、人体の外で気管支の細胞に
SARS-CoV-2のような危険なウイルスを感染させ、
薬の有効性を確認できるようになった。
iPS細胞から気道上皮細胞 京都大学
http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ja/research/research_results/2015/151225_1.html
◆SARS-CoV-2に対するVHH抗体
※VHH抗体の利用用途の１つは検体中のウイルスを検出する検査
北里大学大村智記念研究所片山和彦教授らの研究グループが
新型コロナウイルス（SARS-CoV-2）に対して
感染抑制能（中和能）を有する VHH 抗体の取得に成功
※ VHH（Variable domain of Heavy chain of Heavy chain）抗体：
ラクダ科動物由来の抗体。一般的な抗体と比較 して 10 分の 1 の大きさで、
高い安定性や微生物による低コスト生産が可能なことから近年注目を集めている。
※片山和彦教授はコロナ制圧タスクフォースのメンバー
◆HLAとSARS-CoV-2重症化の関係
※細胞がウイルスに感染すると、獲得免疫として
それに対する細胞障害性Ｔ細胞ができる。
その獲得免疫ができた後に、別の細胞にウイルスが侵入すると
その細胞の表面のHLAという分子に、ウイルスのタンパクの断片が
提示される。すると細胞障害性Ｔ細胞がそれを攻撃する。
このHLAと、SARS-CoV-2重症化の関係を調査予定。
大阪大学大学院医学系研究科・医学部
コロナ制圧タスクフォース
共同研究グループ「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」発足 ～新型コロナウイルス感染症の遺伝学的知見に基づいた COVID-19粘膜免疫ワクチンの研究開発を促進～
■コロナ制圧タスクフォースには
様々な研究分野から日本を代表する科学者が横断的に結集した
研究統括責任者は慶應義塾大学医学部内科学の
金井隆典教授
https://www.covid19-taskforce.jp/
※コロナ制圧タスクフォースには京都大学iPS細胞研究所も
参加している
◆ビル・ゲイツ TED TALK 2015年
”The failure to prepare could allow the next epidemic.
If we start now, we can be ready for the next epidemic.”
▼ VHH（Variable domain of Heavy chain of Heavy chain）抗体：ラマやアルパカなどラクダ科動物由来の抗体。一般的な抗体と比較 して 10 分の 1 の大きさで、高い安定性や微生物による低コスト生産が可能なことから近年注目を集めている
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